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IntroductionīIzı·ԼĿ

1.īIzı

ЇSĸ_źЈM˾Yıʹù˾ؔķe۰ShȾ؅^ؚY_ͻMpһϵе}˾ГĽwڇȌWγɹRȻPڹ˾؟ΣCSRӑՓsF˃ɷNõM·һNnj䡰~UZxһNnjȺMx޿s顰˾Ĵƻɽ֮ʯԹFȌWPCSRӑՓ䌍o˴ͨfJ飬20o20Oliver SheldonThe Philosophy of Managementһԓ󽛚v30Berle-DoddĹՓԼ60WԼɽWɹ˾ɫֱ֮80FreemanFriedmanġίPϵՓsWfĻAPՓ

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^܁ľWwīIzһNFϢ@ȡĸЧ;͌÷ňWԼЌյҪԡ҂ԹīIYϡȱr䌍|ֿɵãֻҪ҂_ęzʽ˽┵ݵĽY;һĽǶȿīIzȺ͏VȿԏaWWgxgĶՓĵfҎԡ

2.īIz·x

YīIzn}ԴڌWϽָµıƮIՓ}ĿP؟ڴcĄӑBģͼfԓՓĵĺ̽˾؟εăݼ׃CϽbPՓ˾ՓW˾W˾BWɽWȶNּژ؟εĄӑBģͼfԼ؟εRcycڴʽ

P؟ڴcĄӑBģͼf֮_鮅IՓĵ}ĿrWһNֵ̿Sо룬WlFoՓǷWҎ߀ǽWHH؟Ά}оɽ֮һǡ׌Wĺo³LP؟ڴcĄӑBģܣ˽ס`ęz߀ҪTWWW܌WȶWƵؿ˴ҎģĽWоWܼҲSǙCɺώ]Wx޵_ώķīIznڮIՓČD@ΕrRϵ`ͷϵĸоcϵyīIzu

_ώPڷīIz·xľVҪWīIz·xYͬӰĵһYԴPrimary SourcesԼYԴSecondary SourcesͬW]а_ώڅ^ⷨYԴĻAM^һζYԴ·ܘmȻώĽYеxչʾڲͬĔYϙz·xƩڱ󷨌ķYϙzWestlawӢķYϙzBeck-onlineĵķYϙzȵWԇDȰһYԴͶYԴܘīIYϵĻYMՇeM·xԔչ_zж

һNՓČՓоcīIzоʽͬǣՓČYоPעYҎԵͬrעصǡfʲôǡôfҎʽĆ}עīIYϵăc|YŌ|ϽvһΌYϵķc^^ĶʹYcͻzYӌ

һζYԴăһķYϵĽÆ}ЇW߽bWߵՓYͻcpٔϵ؏cָ٘ࣨõIJ֣Yϱ^о^W߀lFһЩ֪WYͬӴһЩҎFƩ粻עe`עǰһµȆ}YҲȥδ桢ȥȡĶՓĵҎԺϵľ_⡰ӞӞĬFl

⣬_ώ្ּzZԵ5WWz°ţ

1.1 WHO˾Г؟εČ@һҪ漰PՓȷęzz~TPߣStakeholderһPϵˈFwPrimary Stakeholder GroupsPϵˈFwSecondary Stakeholder Groupsɖ|ShareholdeṛSupplierMߣCustomer͆TEmployee^CommunityߣManagerGovernmentFwNGO & NPOȵ

1.2 WHATʲô؟˾؟εăЩ@һҪ漰PīIęzz~T繫˾؟ΣCorporate Social Responsibility˾Corporate Power˾УCorporate Manager Trusteeȵȡ

1.3 WHEN˾ʲôAΑГ؟@һҪ漰˾Փȷęzz~T繫˾ڣCorporate Life CycleEnterprise Life CycleڣThanks periodLڣ Permanent periodڣMaturity period˥ڣRecessionIwƣFree Enterprise Systemȵ

1.4 WHERE˾ʲôГ؟@һҪ漰˾BW˾WԼ^؟εȷęzz~T繫˾Corporate Governance̘IBusiness EthicsMBWOrganizational EcologyCsIntegrative Social Contracts^Local Communityȵ

1.5 WHYʲô˾Г؟Σ@һҪ漰PķlՓȷęzz~T繫˾ؑCorporate Social ResponsivenessCSRһYԴzxԭtPhilanthropy PrincipleԭtTrusteeship PrincipleԽԭtОՓUltra Vires Doctrineֱӫ@ԭtDirect Corporate Benefit DoctrineIД෨tBusiness Judgement Ruleȵȡ

3.īIzĿ

WJPڹ˾؟εķīIzһćLԇĿּڞ鷨١ɎWṩɿYȻֱӵĿģǞ鱾ƮIՓČṩYķlcՓز

ɽ֮ʯԹFȌWPCSRӑՓ䌍o˴īIęzc^aȌWYώĿȱĶشǰ֮pٟo^ՓĕrgоcڌWǰcdI

ɽ·ڞ鏽WoĿ֪̎RըϢrīIYϵcٶȿ^®@rȻҪһ݅Wוѵڊ^c̿ྫȻҪMīIzg͌ڔYcܵȫҕҰվھ˵ļ҂@һČWҸģԽǰ֮ҊǰδҊ

~ԝO@r֪RȻҪȻcߵĂ@ÏFڷīIznԼĈ挑_ώoԽo҂˙z^ͷϵĸ£`ώԼD^ĸλͬʾIIwNĻIcָԼҵČϽڈ挑^нoҵPcڴxͬrAWԺD^҂ṩµĔ죨WestlawLexisNexisHeinonline󷨌V5CNKIЇ֪WõęzhnͬW໥֮g˼SײܱŰlRĻڴ˲x

˱CīIzYϵ挍ɿҎ]вGoogleBaiduһԵęzʽDzÈD^OpacϵyԼIɔęzʽYҪԴڣ

1.1 |ıD^Opacϵy webpac.zju.edu.cn ԃW^ܲԃ

1.2 īI󷨌 www.chinalawinfo.com V5 www.pkulaw.com www.lawyee.netCNKIЇ֪W www.edu.cnki.net

1.3 īIWestlaw International international.westlaw.comLexisNexis www.lexisnexis.comHeinonline www.heinonline.org

PI~Keywords

˾IFˣCorporate

PߵģSocialPublicStakeholders

؟xResponsibilityLiabilityBurden

ƾٛSubscriptions for charitable, benevolent, humanitarian, educational, and philanthropic Purposes

˾棨Corporate BenefitPublic Welfare

˾Corporate Governance

˾Corporate Power

ˣTrustees

ԽࣨUltra ViresIДࣨBusiness Judgement

˾ڣCorporate Life Cycle, Enterprise Life Cycle, Organizational Life Cycle

ΩPߌWֳδև`֮̎yt_ҡ

PART ONEīIzеһYԴ

1.һYԴĽY

_ώPһYԴĄWһYԴ֞飺ɣStatutesҎcTҎ£RegulationsɽጣLegal InterpretationsCasesҎGovernment Agencies in chargeԼɔ죨Legal Websites, Datebases

Dһʾn̅RWЇһYԴ˷ɔһYԴԸzĽYل֞

1.1 Ҏcጣϛ]нጣ

@һփ̶ęzYʮׂʮ֮ge^鷽Ҳ^ȫW@һֲȫ_в^ķʽ

1.2 Ҏ

@һփݺƷęzY_ǧWMһķҪxȡ㽭ʡԼȫһЩдԵҎMз^

1.3 ϷQ

zǷīIzеccycİz¡|һڃcϣִ¿Է֞aƷ؟ΡڄӠh֪RaImɖ|VArcaȵ

һYԴWĻAҪ“c݃ɂչ_һ“Ƶćң“͸иԵࡣ“Čn}PҪС䡷Լ“䡷P˾ƾٛ؟cСɖ|汣oҎȻmn}оģҪǸݵĹ˾ٛ˽ҎԼPAݣstate of DelawareЬF`Ĺ˾Լһ׵Ĺ˾ڷϵyՃԼЧԽ•׿˾wϵɞˡ˾á^850,000ҹ˾@50%й˾63%ȫُؔ˾WAݵķɡҎԼc

2.ĵһYԴ

2.1 Ҏc

1993꡶˾5l2005ӆdϢWCLI.1.60597

l ˾½IطɡҎ̘I\ıOГ؟Ρ

˾ĺϷܷɱoַ

1997꡶ϻI7l(2006ӆ) dϢWCLI.1.78896

ߗl ϻIϻ˱طҎ̘IГ؟Ρ

2009꡶ʳƷȫ3ldϢWCLI.1.113981

l ʳƷaIߑշҎʳƷȫ˜ʏaIӣ͹ؓ؟CʳƷȫOГ؟

2008꡶IYa17ldϢWCLI.1.109891

ʮߗl ҳYI½IӣطɡҎӏI߽ЧPTCʩĹͱOıOГ؟ΣYؓ؟

ҳYIƷYȫȲOLUƶ

1993꡶Mߙ汣o49ldϢWCLI.1.6384

ʮŗlIṩƷ߷pОMߵҪrܵēpʧrĽ~MُIƷăr߽ܷյMõһ

2007꡶Iö9ldϢWCLI.1.89382

ھŗl IlĹԾ֧ٛ~12%ԃȵIJ֣Ӌ㑪{~r۳

2007꡶ڄӺͬ41ldϢWCLI.1.89382

ʮһl ֮һҪÜpˆTʮϻ߲Üpʮ˵ռIšٷ֮ʮϵˆλǰʮ򹤕ȫwšfr ȡšҊÜpˆTڄTԲÜpˆT

һIƮaҎM

aIlyģ

IDaشg»߽Iʽ{׃ڄӺͬÜpˆTģ

ģڄӺͬӆrĿ^rlش׃ʹڄӺͬoеġ

ÜpˆTrˆT

һcλӆ^L޵Ĺ̶ބڄӺͬ

cλӆo̶ބڄӺͬģ

ͥo͘IˆTҪB˻δ˵

ˆλձlһҎÜpˆTƒˆTģ֪ͨÜpˆTͬȗlƒñÜpˆT

2006429աȫ˴ίPڼӏěQhdϢWCLI.1.76286

IIˆTҪB\ط^؟RI

20071022աȫ˴ؔίTPڵʮȫΕhϯFhĴhhYĈ桷dϢWCLI.1.113426

88P޸Ĺ˾ӹ˾؟Ҏh1˾2005ꄂӆhP؟Ά}ڰȫahošIηڄӷȷɷҎҎhǰȡʩٹ˾؟

2008107աȫȄ˾ίTPڵʮһȫһΕhϯFhĴhhYĈ桷dϢWCLI.1.113138

6.̵32Pƶ˜Ih1328̖h҇˜I@lչMƶ˜IҎƻϺʹM˜IĽlչ

ƷԺ2008ӋץoѲݔMɴƷݰܸ壬ݰƻӵĶxѭԭtҎ˴ƽMļ־Ըš؟c؟؟εȡĿǰMһ޸ȡȌɲݰ͇͌Ժ

˜I҇ƶȵĽMɲ֡҇˜Iõ^lչ؄eڽ512봨_չĿȞĺͻ֏ؽl]ҪãҲ˲ƴĽhίJ飬ͨ^ҎƻM˜IlչCҪxƷʮһȫ˴ίҎhԺڴ^Уע̎cFй˜IٛPϵyIо˜IP}

20091019աȫؔίTPڵʮһȫڶΕhϯFhĴhhYĈ桷dϢWCLI.1.128817

49.PƶI؟ηh1҇PI؟εPҎɢڹ˾ʳƷȫȫaԺPšrgҎȶಿɷҎУǰҪ΄ǷeOƄ@ЩɷҎ؞䌍ǷƶI؟ηMһ{ՓC

ע]ЙzP

2.2 Ҏ

IȲƑָ4̖؟Ρؔ201011̖dϢWCLI.4.135006

ԺYaOίTPӡl<PI؟εָҊ>֪ͨYlо20081̖dϢWCLI.4.100817

ЇyOkdPڼӏyИIڙC؟εҊyOkl2007252̖dϢWCLI.4.144615

ЇyИIOίTϺOܾPӡl<ϺyИIڙCI؟ָ>֪ͨyOͨ200730̖dϢWCLI.12.161302

㽭ʡPƄIeO؟εҊl200819̖dϢWCLI.12.206565

dPƄIeO؟εҊl200835̖dϢWCLI.12.217983

2.3

2.3.1 °

ʯf¹Fɷ޹˾P؟ˆTaNۂӮaƷ ӱʡ߼Ժ2009.03.15dϢWCLI.C.187971

ԓĺڌaߡNߌЌwкķʳƷԭϵĮaƷЈΣYОMжaƷ؟ǺaƷͷǹ˾˾Mߵ؟ǮaƷ؟ε¹˾ȱݮaƷГ؟ҪwFzyYٻزȫaƷȝܓpMߵȎׂ˾߹܌˾Оoؓвж؟

2.3.2

Vۿ˰loaӰ޹˾ڄӠhKʡ߼Ժ2005KKֵ017̖dϢWCLI.C.86925

hĽcPڿȸ߼ˆTĄڄӺͬ}˾šc˾оo“ϵPPϵˣڹ˾؟Փ汻WgҕĽڡA񹲺͇˾ּʾԵҎšıoҲδLڱڄӷc˾ڱoڄߵĺϷ@һԭtϵһԵõ˳ֵwF

2.3.3 °

„A11VSά|p˾永ϺеڶмԺ2002̣Kֵ333̖dϢWCLI.C.49067

һILšgδҌx`IIpʧrmҲһ͵Ĺɖ|VA˾治ȫwɖ|ĺӡF˾HҪϹɖ|ͶYİȫҲҪςͶYİȫɖ|VAƶȵĴ_Ч⹫˾ؔaܷǷֺHڹ˾YaľSo͹ɖ|ıϣҲMһ˾؟ε䌍oV˵档

ꐵVϾpЙC늰lչ޹˾ɢ˾KʡϾа…^Ժ2006ֵ328̖dϢWCLI.C.231474

ϵA񹲺͇˾ӆFĹɖ|˾³̵Ҫɢ˾VA

µġ˾o˹˾ͽɢə࣬˾IˣmȻԠIĿģͬrijɆT횳Г؟֓ڄӾ͘I؟So؟{؟ΡTkU؟εȡʴ˿Կ˾ҲО֓ڄӾ͘I؟˾ɢ˾KֹһнIȻ¹˾šʧI؄eһЩ͹˾˾š_װǧڴr£ɖ|֮gԭ¹˾ɢtoؓİlչҲİFYʌһЩ͹˾˾ɢɢ˾ɺܴĽɢɱɢԭIe۵ğoYau͑ԴILUFwȌol]ԭ˾ďSOgTͶµĽMҪܴĽMɱ͕rgnjYԴһNMͨ^޸³̿ʹ˾SֽIɄt

˾³mȻsɖ|Ҫɢ˾xɖ|ԓ헙İlչMиAҪɢ˾Ăeɖ|D׌ə˾ɖ|횽ܹəD׌ڴrVAԺҲp׵ЛQɢ˾ˣ̎˾ɢVA{ǰóԺҪ˾ɖ|֮gMЅf̣ͨ^Ϸ;Q˾ȲìҪrԺɽM˾ɖ|MЅf{

캣ȫV届؟޹˾prʡ˲мԺ1999Kֵ442̖dϢWCLI.C.232880

DŽڄӠh֌rڄ߻zُćõıҪ|aLJͨ^ƌʩģwFˇҌڄߵ؟ΣҲDŽڄߑܵĻĿڱܺ˵ĺϷ棬MȫaSoa

BdrI޹˾V꿣I㽭ʡBdмԺ2004BһKֵ640̖dϢWCLI.C.49088

cIIṩȫxաIlҎII͘IܵؔapГ؟һǰlIIδIպͬļs`sОкͬxպͲȫкͬxաȻIյ@һԛQII߀Гһ؟ڰlȫ¹ʕr߀ؓвȡoʩͅfx

ٶȾWӍƼ޹˾VϺܰϢg޹˾ȣַసи߼Ժ2007Kֵ967̖dϢWCLI.C.230128

@һP֪RaİcڼӿframingWǷַ˾WԼǷ񘋳ɲWjϢͬҪP˳Г؟Ρ

wViȣҊxžaʡмԺ2004һKֵ75̖(dϢWCLI.C.49317)

@һ͵ğoӺ˵ҊxžaҊxžԼUĉeʹDΣ鰲ܺ˵ľLh؟ȱCƵėl湲ͬwm֓poܺa

3.ĵһYԴ

3.1 “ҎҎ

3.1.1 䡷United States Code

U.S.C.A. Const. Amend. I-Speech.

Ҏ˴ƙCcharitable organizationsO\YԴԼffՓə

11 U.S.C.A.101.

ҎƮa˵؟ͬrReligious Liberty and Charitable Donation Clarification Act of 2006, Pub.L.No.109-390, 1, 120 Stat. 2692 (2006)amending 11 U.S.C.A. 1325

12 U.S.C.A.24.

Ҏ˹˾cCӰеڰҎ˾Йڿơ˵x֮Ŀģcharitable, philanthropic, or benevolent instrumentalities´ƻӹpublic welfare{ǸݷҎt؄eֹ“yЏƾٛ

15 U.S.C.A.1.

Ҏ`ОԼ̎Pڷ˹Charitable Gift Annuity Antitrust Relief Act of 1995, Pub.L.  101-588, 1, Amendments(1990)ԼCharitable Donation Antitrust Immunity Act of 1997, Pub.L.No.104-63, 1, 109 Stat. 687(1995)

15 U.S.C.A.78j.

Ҏ˹˾ɖ|˲ɖ|ĮϢ¶ȹ؟

26 U.S.C.A.163.

ҎؔFrĹ˾ģʽCorporate governance in the age of finance corporatismԼ˾ƾٛĶՃ

3.1.2 “䡷Code of Federal Regulations

]ЙzPYӍ

3.1.3  MƵһYԴ˾ԭtchPrinciples of Corporate Governance: Analysis and Recommendations (ALI-CORPGOV)

֪ɅfAmerican Law InstituteQALIFyһ\аl]Ҫã1923Ơ£W.N.HohfeldijhulչƷɞּԽMɅfᘌɑӡĆ}YһЩձܵ^cwSҪ֧ˡ(Restatement of the Law)

Ȼֵעcľ벻ͬڷWȲ֮ЮaӰ߂cW̿ƕҲͬͨfҲԇDͬİc^cM{ڏ@헹ČW߂•䌦Jؓ؟ʹ߂c˜ՓƵęԡ˾ԭtchPrinciples of Corporate Governance: Analysis and RecommendationsɅfڅcƶyһ̷䡱µĮaДMƵһYԴĵλ

ALI-CORPGOV™zWlFS 2.01Y

ALI-CORPGOV 2.01 (As Adopted and Promulgated by The American Law Institute at Washington, D.C., May 13, 1992 Current through June 2010).

2.01 The Objective And Conduct Of The Corporation (Approx. 17 pages)

A business corporation should have as its objective the conduct of business activities with a view to enhancing corporate profit and shareholder gain, except that, whether or not corporate profit and shareholder gain are thereby enhanced, the corporation, in the conduct of its business

(a)Is obliged, to the same extent as a natural person, to act within the boundaries set by law,

(b)May take into account ethical considerations that are reasonably regarded as appropriate to the responsible conduct of business, and

(c)May devote a reasonable amount of resources to public welfare, humanitarian, educational, and philanthropic purposes.

2.01W^Ŀǰڹ˾؟wҲЄԵҎ2.01HҎ˹˾cɖ|ÞĿˣГӴϵ؟Σܷɼsď؟صĵx؟Լڹ˵xc֮ĿĵĄ؟

3.2 AݷɡҎҎ

50ÿݶԼķwϵAݵҪɫ֮һصͶYṩ`FĹ˾wϵԼPҎ

6 Del.C. 7309.

Ҏ˹˾Ĵƾٛ˾׷˽private profit֮߀Իڽ̡xx罻w߸ĸ֮Ŀģreligious, educational, benevolent, charitable, fraternal, social, athletic, or reformatory purposes׷ĸ

8 Del.C. 101.

Ҏ˹˾ԻڴxČW߿ƌW֮ĿģCharitable, Benevolent, Educational, Literary and Scientific PurposesԼWԺУoٛ

8 Del.C. 102.

˾О飬H]ɖ|shareholders߀]Pߣstakeholders

8 Del.C. 141.

˾鹫˾佛IО͛QО鑪ܵһƾ֮ٛДࡣ

8 Del.C. 157.

Ҏ˹˾Լɖ|ڹ˾„գcorporate affairsԼoٛеęcxգrights, duties and liabilities

10 Del.C. 3104.

Ҏĸ˾parent and subsidiary໥ֹ֮ٛ

3.3

Steinway v. Steinway & Sons, 17 Misc. 43, 40 N.Y.S. 718 (N.Y.Sup. May 1896).

ԓԺͻ˂yԽԭtultra viresIJֱӫ@ԭtdirect corporate benefit֮BJ錦칫˾manufacturing corporationfaƷ•u֮Ŀģthe purpose of extending the reputation thereof֮ٛڶõĽIДࣨbusiness judgementδ`ɖ|xx

Brinson Ry. Co. v. Exchange Bank of Springfield, 16 Ga.App. 425, 85 S.E. 634 (Ga.App. Jun 11, 1915).

ԓԺԳ˂yԽԭtJF·˾һԙHڣonly as the statute confersǷɶ•ͬ⣨with or without the consent of its board of directors\ù˾YȥٛԹ˾xṩYOWУߞ˽OƌWУڳʹWУͳλF·ӽͨ\IȻԽGeorgiaͨ³һ\ݔIF·˾֮the general laws of Georgia as a common carrier

Dodge v. Ford Motor Co., 204 Mich. 459, 170 N.W. 668, 3 A.L.R. 413 (Mich. Feb 07, 1919).

ԓԺԳ˂yԽԭtОՓJ̘I˾Oc\IԹɱcapital stockעWɖ|棩wFord֮Ȼɾԓɖ|֮鹫˾ǴƙC^`֮xֹ

A. P. Smith Mfg. Co. v. Barlow, 13 N.J. 145, 98 A.2d 581, 39 A.L.R.2d 1179 (N.J. Jun 25, 1953)

ԓԺŒ|ɵĿDԽԭtJڬFl£modern conditions픵~Ĵƾٛreasonable charitable contributionsnjͨԭt¹˾͸SһξзxČ`˽Cprivately supported educational institutionf˾MкƵľٛ{

Sullivan v. Hammer, 1990 WL 114223, Fed. Sec. L. Rep. P 95,415, 16 Del. J. Corp. L. 1621 (Del.Ch. Aug 07, 1990)

AݵİzWҲի@ԓԺHں픵~˜ش^ʧGross Negligence˜Ҍں픵~ҲشͻһҎ湫˾֮ٛ~ܹ˾ͨɹɖ|I֮Ŀǰˮʣcurrent dividend levelsPٛ~ó^ÿ3֣not exceed approximately 3? per share

PART TWOīIzеĶYԴ

1.YԴĽY

_ώPڶYԴĄWYԴ֞飺BooksՓģDissertationsuՓLaw review articles{棨Law reportsоCLaw researchsMPϢNGOԼɔ죨Legal Websites, Datebasesȵȡ

ֵһ˂yķWYԴķڽWƵҕWW͹WϵĽģͣModelsҲڃՓĵfƩPߣstakeholderģ˾ڣcorporate life cycleģɱ棨cost-benefitģ͵ȵȡ

Ȼ@һNWϵķ]zݵԺ͈ĵıWĻAόīIYϰճdwעxdwtһY϶ܱwWjYӍIJͬw֞

1.1 YϣBooks

ԼΪɕPоɹz;Ҫͨ^D^Worldcatwww.worldcat.orgԼD^OPACϵyz

1.2 ڿcuՓDissertations & Law review articles

ՓġuՓ{Լ܆ΪɕͬӾЌWgоrֵīIYz;Ҫͨ^D^WڿWgڿWԼɌIȵ

1.3 WjYӍWorld Wide Web

@һְOVHIɔϵYԴҰGooglewww.google.com.hkBaiduwww.baidu.comWikipediawww.wikipedia.orgzһYӍҪעעWjYӍҪעwWַURL-Uniform Resource LocatorԼLrg

߀ƷVCDCDDCDVHSPYϣCD-ROM΢sYϵȵȣٴβԔ

2.ĵĶYԴ

2.1 Y

˾؟Ρɳ1999

@ĿǰڈD^ҵо˾؟Ά}ʿ\ÂyWҎķڿҹ˾؟εĻA˰b˾؟򞡢¶λ˾Ŀµ؟ΡUǹɖ|漯F˾„յąc؟ι_CԼЌ䌍˜I˾؟εڃȵĶ෽潨OҊ

ͬrʿ\÷ጌW^Wvʷо˹˾؟εķɆ}ؾ͹˾Mߺ̈́ڄߵ؟ηֱٌ}Է_ƪ֮вن}]Ёü̽ӑ

Bϣ˾c˾؟ΡЇW2001

@ǏĹ˾ĹWҕĴ_W߄BϽᘌ_؅^Ĺ˾FIĹΫI󣬏еõĆlǹ˾OģʽIЙ͡ə༯лɢij̶ИI|ؔՠroP

ּ̽ӑ˾ϵһЩ}ȤֻڂĹ˾Oܣcorporate governanceWfзWfҕع˾`̽ɱӽYM̽cحhݵĹ˾Oģʽ؟āشڲͬy̘I`ͷƶ֮grײбŰlǻۻ𻨡һڌF_؅^˾Թɖ|󻯞ΨһĿָ֮˼ʾ˲MJһyѝuϺF֮ҪF˾׷󽛝ƱM䌦֮؟Ρ

RI؟νWcWɳ2002

@ǏĽWcWpҕĴRڄԵҵ˽WcWYϵcijɱЧȸl͹˾؟Ά}ώׂ໥P“Ć}Mϵy̽ӑڴ˻Aό҇˾؟ՓоcƶȘǰհԵՓ

裺I؟о2005

@TWƽоĴг\Ҏ͌CоԹ˾؟εĘ˜ʻՓSCϲ˹˾W˾BW·f^cɱhµĹ˾؟Θ˜ʻ

᣺ZI؟оЇz2008

@ǏĽǶ^õăᲩʿڽ̓rֵ^ָչ_I؟Ά}о̽ӑIγГ؟ָЧ쏽ͬ\˷ɽWķ

ĚJ˾Y֮оЇW2005档

ĚJڡ˾Y֮оһU˾YһՓ֮ҪՓǹɖ|•ͱO•ӵƼsCP؟Σڹ˾wYЁ{ɖ|•ͱO•ӛQߵƼs

ꐱ\IWՓ_W2002

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2.2 ڿcuՓ

α󣺡ՓЙơdӱW20039ڡ

ЙһNֵЙƶƶȵĺκһ헙ǽ^ЙҲܵһЙƵıͷAlUЙ֮҇Й֮rM˿YָЙcҎЙƶȵĿһµOЙĿǞ˽QYԴԺ˵ğoc֮gPϵľoԣôЙMͬx_@һĿ

˾؟ε׃䆢ʾdWՓ20063

Ĺ˾؟ƶȾзdzƾõĚvʷ˾Г؟Ҫ棺1˾š؟2Mߵ؟3YԴh؟ͨ^˾؟ε׃ʷJ҇Ҳҕ˾؟ƶȵĽͨ^˾޸IĿ˺؟βصĹ˾Ŀwϵ

᣺ՓI؟εĺx|̓ݡdWҡ20061

I؟ǽFIcCPϵһNҪ˼ƶӆġ˾5l״ڷ_˹˾I؟wλo҇I؟ηƻOо̱xشɹȻ5lһԭtԗlּʾһNrֵȡО˜I؟εĺx|̓ݵȲ]_Խ綨ČI؟εĺx|̓ݵȆ}M̽ӑoԼI؟εĽ綨

_£҇˾؟ε˾ɽQ˼·dW200712

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N˾؟Σڷ؟cœʄt֮gdⷨW20081

J飬˾؟һN؟Σ؟Ξ鹫˾؟O͘˜ͬr˾؟εxڵœʄtœʄtӳ˹˾؟εărֵ׷˾؟ε䌍x_؟εġӲsҲx_œʄtġܛs“Ycڹ˾

˾؟Γ䌍FdЇWW20082

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Si˾؟߅оdWuՓ20085

˾؟ε߅о˾؟Ά}ĻA첻Ĺ˾؟߅ՓеKڌ`^еľwڌ˾ЧʃȺMķָ߅푪ڷ؟κ͵؟֮ȡmȻ@һ߅ಢҿԜʴ_ľw؟Ҫ˾ȥУҪеĹ˾Гͬӵ؟ᘌͬ˾ľwrᘌԲвԵ؟Ҫ

K磺˼cԽ˾؟ԏጡdՓ20091

˾؟ήaı幫˽໥ںڹ˾IĿcГ؟֮gPϵԏጵһNԽЧĿµĹƽ׷Ҳع˾IλĿĞM·cPߵϼsD׃ƷYFɳmİlչͬ[ԽM

Yd˾؟γɞ顰ϻdAW20094ڡ

Pڹ˾؟εӑՓ^ġ~A˾`؟εҲđҎĽǶȿ]顰˾Yaʹ؟Mxؿs΢顰˾Ĵƻ˾5l؟ΗlҎǷԭtҲDzҎОҎ鷨ԭtОҎ؟Σ؞ڹ˾ȫ^̡ҎxĽ጑˾ճ̘IД`؟ΡˣЃɷN˾ĸĸ˼·׌PM빫˾•ȃȲCڶ•O؟ίTǰߌĸ˾IԽMĻY߿ǸѵęCO؟ίTxCƣ•̘IQMӰu׌؟γɞ顰ϻҪe

2.3 WjӍ

@һֵČIYϲTBǰeČڿܶҲɾWjԃ󷨌һ󃞄DzHռ˔^ڿc棬xÿƪīIYһΨһķCacitationzdz

cՄһ·MNGOgоCPڹ˾؟εľWվӑB

I؟ЇWwww.csr-china.net

l{Ј棬_չISO26000؟·H˜ʌӖ

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ЇI؟ģChina Corporate Social Responsibility CenterṩϢ֧Pע坍ԴacڹoȆ}

ЇI؟ΙCָϣwww.chinacsrmap.org

ЇI؟ΙCָɵ‡g˾GTZ̵vM˾cϢϵy˾ͬlĿCSR Asiaýw顣@ĿĿϣͨ^ṩӢBЇ\I؟νMĶȫõ˽ЇI؟εİlչFlоɹ2010ȡC100 CSRu

2010؟ΈӑoҪ

ЇI“ϕЇI҅fkڙI؟ξWwww.csr9001.coml

ɭI؟ΙCRecende CSRwww.recende.com

ṩCSRYӍՓоͰɇHIFꠈcuICSRӋ

3.ĵĶYԴ

2.1 Y

73 Am. Jur. 2d Subscriptions 11 (March 2011).

Ҏ˞ƻ߹ĿľٛSubscriptions for Charitable or Public Purposes֮ԭt1˾ЙٛܺͬPϵƼscontracts supported2ٛО鲻ʹ߫@The consideration need not benefit the subscriber3ƽ\šɣfair dealing, honesty, and equity4Zһ㲻óNwڴƙCeleemosynary institutions֮Xؔһ㲻Úw߀

18 C.J.S. Corporations 276 (March 2011).

Ҏ˾Оֹ֮Estoppel of subscriber߽ҲֹJٛZЧcxգdeny the validity of a subscription contract, or liability thereon˾ItcÕrdividends or other benefits of membership•ŗٛZ

James D. Cox & Thomas Lee Hazen, Treatise on the Law of Corporations 2:11 (2011).

B˹˾Йc؟ι팦ڹ˾ˣɖ|cPߵӰ

Oliver Sheldon, The Philosophy of Management 342-390 (Isaac Pitman Sons. 1923).

Oliver Sheldonѹ˾؟c˾ߝMaINҪ؟“ϵJ鹫˾؟ΰеڃ״˾؟ΡCorporate Social ResponsibilityZx

Saleem Sheikh, Corporate Social Responsibilities: Law and Practice (Cavendish. 1996).

Saleem Sheikhʿһ˾ؑCorporate Social Responsiveness˾؟^՚vʷrڄ֞飺1ŵrںorژص؟^Ԫǰ5000Ԫ55010001500꣩2xrڵ؟^15001800꣩3Irڣ18001920꣩4ȫ򻯕rڵ؟^1920

Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and The Spirit of Capitalism (Scribner. 1958).

Max Weberڽ̺ĻĽǶU˼ӠģJohn Calvinĸ̘Ic˃rֵ^ĸ׃IәC顰lչԭԿ϶ؔJǡsҫϵۡġӠĽ̽oڄZ\ŵԷeOĵ¿϶ơ͡JǡHΨһ;

Adolf A. Berle & Gardiner C. Means, The modern corporation and private property (MacMillan. 1932).

Adolf A. BerlecGardiner C. Meansͨ^F˾LڌCоlFSF͹ɷݹ˾ЙcƙķxгһI߂׃ȫļgԹƽ^иNFgIJͬҪSġ

Abbass F. Alkhafaji, A stakeholder approach to corporate governance : Managing in a Dynamic Environment 122, 123 (Quorum, 1989).

Abbass F. Alkhafajiڕˎc^죺1F˾MڴɼȻǽԽMĿD׃ʹ2˾׷󻯡profit-maximization^ȥԶٳɞʵ^cĞL׷3˾еϵxԎ̎ϵĆ}4˾кܶYԴɹQԆ}֮ʹã5˾֮Оؓ؟ߣt֮Ķ˾֮lչ˾ԄӵƱM؟ԱԲҪ֮ڵķҎƹ˾֮ɹ˾ܵҪ֮ơ

Howard Rothmann Bowen, Social responsibilities of the businessman (Harper. 1953).

Howard Rothmann Bowenڕ˾܃HH޶ȵ؞ɖ|IٍXԼΨһĿģ޶ȵӹɖ|֮

R. Edward Freeman, Strategic management : a stakeholder approach (Pitman. 1984).

R. Edward FreemanoԼPߣStakeholdersĶxЩ܉ӰIĿˌF܉IFĿ˵^Ӱ푵κ΂˻ȺwFreeman½WMilton FriedmanġίPϵՓ͡˾؟ξǞɖ|ٍXThe Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, 1979^cĻAϣsՓPՓ˾˞ɖ|Shareholders׷Ҳ]PߣStakeholderswй̣SuppliersMߣCustomers͆TEmployeesɖ|^Local CommunityԼ(Management)

Douglas M. Branson, Corporate Governance Reform and the New Corporate Social Responsibility, 62 U Pitt L Rev 605 (2001).

Douglas M. Bransonָ˾ģʽD׃һ;ǘ˾ߵ؟R

J. E. Parkinson, Corporate Power and Responsibility: Issues in the Theory of Company Law 267 (Oxford. 1993).

J. E. Parkinson؟„֣1c˾µĽI֮gPϵ֞飺P؟cP؟Ρ2ܼcsОҎʣ֞飺xϵ؟κͷxϵ؟3Թ˾О錧µĽY֞飺I؟cMI؟4Թ˾О鱳ĄәC֞飺rֵxBȵ؟cxBȵ؟

W. Michael Hoffman & Jennifer Mills Moore, Business Ethics: Readings and Cases in Corporate Morality (McGraw-Hill. 1990).

W. Michael HoffmancJennifer Mills MooreJ飬x؟ǹ˾So䡰ֱ˸񡱺̘̓IġȻɱһNԵչ˾ڃrֵ^C䲻͑׃IJиŬ

John R. Kimberly & Robert H. Miles, The Organizational Life Cycle Jossey-Bass. 1980.

John R. KimberlyRobert H. Miles\ƌWȷо˾ՓĻA֮˹˾Փ˾ҪvaL˥ҪôKҪôʧڴ˻ALѭhģ˾ڄ֞ʮAΡ냺ڡWഺFŻڡMһČʾ˾lչĻҎ

Eilis Ferran, Company Law and Corporate Finance (Oxford, 1999).

ͨ^˾ϰķȌw{һЩԭtƩԽԭtUltra Virus˾ֱӫ@ԭtDirect Corporate BenefitsIДԭtBusiness Judgementȵȡ

2.2 ڿcuՓ

Adolf A. Berle, Corporate Powers as Powers in Trust, 44 Harvard Law Review 10491931.

Adolf A. BerleԳ֡ɖ|֮ˑHȫwɖ|ؓ؟Ăy^cJF˾Йcƙķx˽ؔaƶȵΣC˾ɖ|ˑHɖ|ؓ؟һx蹫˾˾ӻ߹˾ȲκβTFwęԴڷɻ³̣О횿ֻйɖ|Թ

E. Merrick Dodd, For Whom are Corporate Managers Trustees, 45 Harvard Law Review 1145, 1160, 1161 (1932).

E. Merrick Doddt{˾齛CӯҲչ˾檚ڹɖ|鹫˾Hɖ|\߀͆TMߺ؟θУa sense of social responsibility toward employees, consumers, and the general public

Adolf A. Berle, For Whom are Corporate Managers Trustees: A Note, 45 Harvard Law Review 1365, 1368 (1932.

Berle^mUጡ˾Ĺɖ|ˑHȫwɖ|ؓ؟ĵDoddǰɂĮh1׌˾߳ɞ鹫˾P˵˲ؓ؟ȱ2˾ߌɖ|xxյκεֻPϵ˵@γI߷ŗ󻯶׷󷶇VĿ˵IJ֮ܿ

David Ruder, Public Obligation of Private Corporation, 114 U. Pa. Law Review 751965.

David RuderهyĠI󻯵ՓڽIДԭtĿ֮˾YЃrֵĹʩO

Henry G. Manne, The Social Responsibility of Regulated Utilities, 4 Wisconsin Law Review 28 (1972).

˾؟εĸ]һĽfHenry G. ManneԇDЧùcx˾؟빫˾ОϵyՓ֮

Clarkson & Max B.E, A Stakeholder Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance, 20 The Academy of Management 106 (1995).

ClarksonڌPϵ˷֞һPϵˈFwPrimary Stakeholder GroupscPϵˈFwSecondary Stakeholder Groupsǰָ]䅢c˾Ͳ齛Iwas a going concernȥFwwMɣɖ|ͶY͆TԼ鹫˾ṩAOʩcЈ˾ƶcҎt˾c^ָЩӰ푹˾ܹ˾Ӱc˾֮g]PϵҲǹ˾ıҪlFw󱊂ý͸T漯F

Adrienne Arsht, The Business Judgement Rule Revisited, 8 Hofstra L.Rev.  93, 114-130 (1979).

Adrienne ArshtՓIДҪأ1ϵ漰̘IQߵĠh2Œϵײ߂Pϵ3עx4Ҍx5oEò֮ԭܷCCƶ֮_tϵ֮ϷԣSԺع˾I֮Qº󌏲

Richard M. Brunell, The Social Costs of Mergers: Restoring Local Control as a Factor in Merger Policy, 85 N.C. L. Rev. 149 (2006).

Richard M. BrunellˡȻɱŒҕՓMߡ͆TԼPߵ؟θЌڹ˾ijLclչPҪ

James T. Hale, Fifth Annual Directors' Institute on Corporate Governance: Target Corporate Responsibility Report 2007, 1622 PLI/Corp 223 (September 24, 2007).

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Thuy-Nga T. Vo, Rating Management Behavior and Ethics: A Proposal to Upgrate the Corporate Goverance Rating Criteria, 34 J. Corp. L. 1 (2008).

Thuy-Nga T. VoվڌCĽǶ˲ͬ˾ڲؘ֮ͬµĹОc˾鹫˾؟оṩ˿YĔ

Matthew A. Melone, Citizens United and Corporate Political Speech: Did the Supreme Court Enhance Political Discourse or Invite Corruption, 60 DePaul L. Rev. 29 (2010).

Matthew A. Meloneϵy؟\ӣcorporate social responsibility movementĹ˾ĽǶȳUeOx

Virginia Harper Ho, Enlightened Shareholder Value: Corporate Goverance Beyond the Shareholder-Stakeholder Divide, 36 J. Corp.L.59 (2010).

Virginia Harper Ho˹ɖ|󻯣shareholder wealth maximizationԼ˾L棨long-term firm valueڴ˻Aτ˹ɖ|cPߵĽַͶƱcsvoting & engagementP߅c˾;

2.3 WjӍ

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SA8000 (Social Accountability 8000, 1997.10)

HڹMs˙Ժ“χͯ湫sƶȫׂҎH˜ּǴ_ĮaƷԷ؟Θ˜ʵҪSA8000˜mκИIͬҎģĹ˾cISO9000|wϵISO14000hwϵһӣԞһ׿ɱJCC֮H˜˜ʰ؟ε9ͯԄڄӡcȫMcwՄеęҕͽԴʩrgYwϵ

ISO260002010.7

ISO 26000؟Θ˜LJH˜ʻMInternational Organization for Standards2005_ʼݵĵһH؟Θ˜ISOQhISO 26000һ؟ָļڵJCǹwϵ˜mÌIMĿǰγɵIJݸ壬˜ʰ؟ε7M˙ڹ汣ohoƽIMߙ汣oԼc^lչͬr˜ʏ{κνMͨ^ӏcPĜͨͽȫ؟

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